USA, 1880s: Dental Platinum Alloys

DSQ
c.1880s:

In France, "Platinum alloy" with less than 35% Pt was called 'platine au titre' - different dental Platinum alloys by standard weight ranged from 45-66% Pt.

1)  Pt 66.67% / Au 22.22% / Ag 11.11%
2)  Pt 58.33% / Au 16.67% / Ag 25%
3)  Pt 41.67% / Au 25% / Pd 33.33%

Citation: The Metallic alloys: a practical guide for the manufacture of all kinds... William Theodore Brannt (1889)

 

1880: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (Mkt: Semi-Mfg)  = USD$ 7.97

1881:  1 Troy Oz. Platinum (Mkt: Semi-Mfg)  = USD$ 8.69

1882: 1  Troy Ounce platina (semi-refined) =  USD$ 6.

1883: 1 Troy Ounce of Platinum = $ 10.29

1883: 1 Troy Oz Platinum (refined, mfg, whols./import) = USD$ 6.50 - 7.50
 
c.1884: 1 Troy Oz. of Platinum (disputed low, US ore?) = $  3.- 5. 

c.1884: 1 Troy Oz. of Platinum (semi-refined, retail) = $  8. 
 
c.1884: 1 Troy Oz Platinum (refined, mfg, retail) = USD$ 10.89 - 14.
1884: 1 Troy Oz "Platinum" (generic range: all types) = USD$ 8. - 12.
1884: 1 Troy Oz Platinum (refined, mfg, whols./import) = USD$ 7.50 - 8.50

1886: 1  Troy Ounce Platinum (unmanufactured) =  USD$ 6.

1887: 1  Troy Ounce Platinum (unmanufactured) =  USD$ 7.50

1888: 1  Troy Ounce Platinum (unmanufactured) =  USD$ 6.80
 
1889: 1 Troy Ounce of Platinum = $  8.
October, 1889: 1 Troy Ounce platina = USD$ 17.50

March, 1890: 1 Troy Ounce of Platinum = $ 14.

October, 1890: 1 Troy Ounce of Platinum = $ 20.

 1911; 1918:

1)  White Gold:  ..........................Pt 40% / Au 60%
2)  Cooper's Gold (1) : ......................Pt 18.75% / Cu 81.25%
3)  Cooper's Gold (2) : ......................Pt 29.17% / Cu 66.6% / Zn 4.15%
4)  Cooper's Pen Metal (1) : .............Pt 50% / Ag 37.5% / Cu 12.5%
5)  Cooper's Pen Metal (2) : .............Pt 50% / Ag 37.5% / Cu 12.5%
6)  Cooper's ("Platina") (1) : ............Pt 25% / Ag 70% / Ni 5%
7)  Cooper's ("Platina") (2) : ............Pt 0% / Ag 70% / Co 5% / Pd 25%




Platinum Alloys, generally (cited prior to 1890): "Cooper's Pen Metal"

c.1889:


1888:



c. 1830?
   

c. 1820:


c.1890: Dental Alloy

Platinized Silver Plate was recommended 80% Ag, 20% Pt; Platinized Silver Wire
66.7% Ag, 33.3% Pt

'Platina' just alloy (of Tin) 1880s - 1912:

Russia, 1860

1860: 1 Troy Ounce platina (SPb, @ SG 21.5) = 6.1977 руб Kr.; 5.851 руб Ag  
.... £ 0.9216

1860: 1 Ozt. Platinum (UK: London Price, Refined) = 9.0788 руб Kr.

"Цена эта представлялась самой удобной, так как платина продавалась в 1860 г. за границу по 85 коп. за золотник, и не велика, потому что сравнялась бы с ценой платины других стран."


"The price that seemed the most convenient, since in 1860 Platinum was sold abroad for 85 Kopecks per Zolotnik, and is not high, because that became equivalent to the price of Platinum from other countries."
Estimated, from Table:
1860: 1 Ozt Pt (SPb, Bulk Ore @SG 21.5) = 5.5473 руб Kr.
1860: 1 Ozt Pt (+Assumed Refined Cost руб Kr. 1.1156) = 6.5529 руб Kr. 
 
Where 1 Poud (= 3,840 Zolotnik) = 2,864 руб Kr. and 1 English Troy Ounce = 7.2914432 Zolotnik:

Citation: Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry, Vol. 9 (May 31, 1904) p.568


1860: 1 Ozt. platina (Rus export price) = 6.36 руб = (USD$ 5.)


c. 1858? 
?: 1 Ozt. platina (Intrinsic) = 6.95 руб = (USD$ 5.47)

Citation: Angewandte Arithmetik zum Gebrauche in Latein- und Realschulen; Johann B. Eckl (1861) p.183

1859: Au Yield = 1,491 Poud = 59,640 Funt = 785,227.3 Ozt.= 24,423.3 Kgs.

UK/Russia, 1874 - 1907: Crude vs. Ingot Prices

After refining Iron, Copper and debris, the PGM purity of Russian platina would be ~3% Iridium in 'hard ingot.'
 

PGM	Blagodat	Niznhi-Tagilsk
Pt	92.7%	93.4%
Ir	1.0%	0.1%
Os	0.1%	0.0%
Ru	0.0%	0.0%
Pd	0.1%	1.5%
Rh	3.3%	5.0%
Iron	0.0%	0.0%
Cu	0.0%	0.0%
Au	0.0%	0.0%
Osmiridium	2.8%	0.1%

Citation: Minerals Yearbook 1913 p.451




The Canadian Mining Institute (USD$?):

USA, 1882/3: US Govt Summary of the Mineral Asset; School Budgets

1883: 1 Troy Ounce platina (Russian ingot, 85%) = USD$ 5.49 - 6.

1883: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (NY dealers' whols. price) = USD$ 10.89

1882: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (whols.?) = USD$ 10.00

1882: 1 Troy Ounce Palladium (whols.) = USD$ 96.

If 3 identically-sized Platinum Crucibles, USD$ 50. each:

Citation: House documents, otherwise publ. as Executive documents: 13th congress, 2d ... United States. Congress. House 1883 p.270

In the US market, little Russian platina (ore ingot) was rarely imported; unmanufactured Platinum from European refiners is presumed refined or 'pure' metal. Stills were ~$8,075 - 10,750. each (if the estimation it correct) suggesting an apparatus cost of ~$ 8. - 10.

c.1882/3:Typographical error, $0.35 per GRAM.

Citation: Proceedings of the 21st Convocation of the University of New York, July 1883; University of the State of New York (1884) p.183

c.1883: 1 Troy Ounce Ruthenium(whols.) = USD$ 164.61

c.1883: 1 Troy Ounce Rhodium (whols.) = USD$ 157.75

c.1883: 1 Troy Ounce Palladium (whols.) = USD$ 96.

c.1883: 1 Troy Ounce Osmium (whols.) = USD$ 89.16

c.1883: 1 Troy Ounce Iridium (whols.) = USD$ 74.76

c.1883: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (whols.) = USD$ 10.29

Citation: J.A. Berly's universal electrical directory and advertiser ; Jules Albert Berly 1884, pp.7-8

  
c. 1881: Iridium by Lots

c.1881: 1 Troy Ounce Iridium (whols. finest) = USD$ 50.

c.1881: 1 Troy Oz. Iridium (whols., ore) = USD$ 0.50; $ 3.- 4.

Citation: California journal of mines and geology, Vol. 3-5 State Mining Bureau, CA. (1883) p.232

Citation: The Annual Statistician and Economist, Vol. 13, Part 1889 ; Louis Philippe McCarty p. 179



Citation: Mines and Quarries (1902) Wm Mott Steuart

Citation: Journal of the Franklin Institute, Vol. 146; Franklin Institute (Philadelphia, Pa., 1898) p.210

UK 1880s-1906: Photography Drives Platinum Scrap Higher

ref

Seven years after the 1866 wholesale low indicated by contemporary St. Petersbourg analysts, the cited 1873 UK Platinum Price may have represented at retail low in that market. (After 1866, global industrial demand drove exponential growth in prices until the US Commodity Collapse of 1920.)

From the introduction of Willis' platinotype method (1873) until 1906, the British retail price of Platinum rose 377%; the price of scrap rose 608%. In the same period, British consumer prices were in deflation, -17.6%.

From 1817 until 1906, the British price of retailed scrap rose 1,600%. (In the same period, British consumer prices were in deflation, -27%.)


1906: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (refined, manfactured) = £ 6.0 (USD$ 29.)

1890: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (refined, retail?) = £ 4.0 (USD$ 19.44)
1889: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (refined, retail?) = £ 2.75 (USD$ 13.39)

1885: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (refined, retail?) = £ 1.75 (USD$ 8.47)

1880: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (refined, retail?) = £ 2. (USD$ 9.68)

1900: 1 Troy Ounce platina = £ 3.15 (USD$ 15.34)

1890: 1 Troy Ounce platina = £ 1.25 (USD$ 6.08)
1880: 1 Troy Oz. platina (UK, bulk) ~ £ 1.10 (USD$ 5.25)

1880: 1 Troy Ounce platina (Source) = £ 0.32 (USD$ 1.53)

1873: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (refined, manfactured, retail) = £ 1.40 (USD$ 7.77)
1873: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (scrap) = £ 0.60 (USD$ 3.33)

1817: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (scrap) = £ 0.25 (USD$ 1.15)

June?, 1906: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (scrap) = £ 4.25 (USD$ 20.61)

October, 1906: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (scrap) = £ 5.5 (USD$ 26.68)

January, 1907: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (scrap) = £ 6.5 (USD$ 31.59)

Platina prices:


Citation: The American amateur photographer, Vol. 18, 1906, pp.390-1

Citation: Photo-era magazine, Vol. 17 ; Juan C. Abel, Thomas Harrison Cummings, Wilfred A. French, A. H. Beardsley (1906) p.396.



1906:
Citation: British journal of photography, Vol. 51; Volume 54 (1907) p.78



Citation:Chamber's encyclopaedia: a dictionary of universal knowledge, Vol. 8 (1891) p.227

Citation:The Photographic journal of America ..., Vol. 27 (10/1890), p.621.

 

1890: