Showing posts with label Cooper's Gold. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Cooper's Gold. Show all posts

August 9, 2012

USA, 1880s: Dental Platinum Alloys

DSQ
c.1880s:

In France, "Platinum alloy" with less than 35% Pt was called 'platine au titre' - different dental Platinum alloys by standard weight ranged from 45-66% Pt.

1)  Pt 66.67% / Au 22.22% / Ag 11.11%
2)  Pt 58.33% / Au 16.67% / Ag 25%
3)  Pt 41.67% / Au 25% / Pd 33.33%

Citation: The Metallic alloys: a practical guide for the manufacture of all kinds... William Theodore Brannt (1889)
 


1880: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (Mkt: Semi-Mfg)  = USD$ 7.97
1881:  1 Troy Oz. Platinum (Mkt: Semi-Mfg)  = USD$ 8.69
1882: 1  Troy Ounce platina (semi-refined) =  USD$ 6.
1883: 1 Troy Ounce of Platinum = $ 10.29

1883: 1 Troy Oz Platinum (refined, mfg, whols./import) = USD$ 6.50 - 7.50
 
c.1884: 1 Troy Oz. of Platinum (disputed low, US ore?) = $  3.- 5. 
c.1884: 1 Troy Oz. of Platinum (semi-refined, retail) = $  8. 
 
c.1884: 1 Troy Oz Platinum (refined, mfg, retail) = USD$ 10.89 - 14.
1884: 1 Troy Oz "Platinum" (generic range: all types) = USD$ 8. - 12.
1884: 1 Troy Oz Platinum (refined, mfg, whols./import) = USD$ 7.50 - 8.50


1886:Troy Ounce Platinum (unmanufactured) =  USD$ 6.
1887:Troy Ounce Platinum (unmanufactured) =  USD$ 7.50
1888:Troy Ounce Platinum (unmanufactured) =  USD$ 6.80
 

1889: 1 Troy Ounce of Platinum = $  8.
October, 1889: 1 Troy Ounce platina = USD$ 17.50
March, 1890: 1 Troy Ounce of Platinum = $ 14.
October, 1890: 1 Troy Ounce of Platinum = $ 20.

 1911; 1918:

1)  White Gold:  ..........................Pt 40% / Au 60%
2)  Cooper's Gold (1) : ......................Pt 18.75% / Cu 81.25%
3)  Cooper's Gold (2) : ......................Pt 29.17% / Cu 66.6% / Zn 4.15%
4)  Cooper's Pen Metal (1) : .............Pt 50% / Ag 37.5% / Cu 12.5%
5)  Cooper's Pen Metal (2) : .............Pt 50% / Ag 37.5% / Cu 12.5%
6)  Cooper's ("Platina") (1) : ............Pt 25% / Ag 70% / Ni 5%
7)  Cooper's ("Platina") (2) : ............Pt 0% / Ag 70% / Co 5% / Pd 25%




Platinum Alloys, generally (cited prior to 1890): "Cooper's Pen Metal"

c.1889:


1888:



c. 1830?
   

c. 1820:


c.1890: Dental Alloy

Platinized Silver Plate was recommended 80% Ag, 20% Pt; Platinized Silver Wire
66.7% Ag, 33.3% Pt


'Platina' just alloy (of Tin) 1880s - 1912:

April 24, 2011

USA, 1817

In 1817, but not in 1818, Dr. Wollaston was able to acquire bulk platina (>100 lbs) from Vaughan in Philadelphia; his own Bid (London Scrap Rate) appears unchanged.


1817: 1 Troy Ounce platina (USA: PA, Bulk) = USD$ 0.41143 (£ 0.0911
1817: 1  Ozt. Pt (USA: PA, Bulk) = USD$ 0.5486 (£ 0.1215) 
1817: 1  Ozt. Pt (USA: PA, Labor) = USD$ 0.48 (£ 0.1063)
1817: 1 Ozt. Platinum (USA: 1st Cost, Phila., Bulk) = USD$ 1.03 (£ 0.2278
   
As an entrepreneur, Bollman retailed manufactured Platinum for $60/lb. avd, a 300% markup (4x) on the First Base Cost; hypothetically, the manufacture of stamped Pt planchets without 'retail profit' might only be ~200% markup.  

1817: 1 Ozt. Platinum (USA: Semi-Mfg, Wholesale) = USD$ 3.09 (£ 0.6835

Dr. Robert Hare purchased imported Platinum wire c.1817.  It is unclear if this was by catalogue or a Philadelphia vendor:





c.1818:
Mock Gold: Thomas Cooper, of University of Pennsylvania

Citation: A system of chemistry: in four volumes, Vol. 2 (1818) Thomas Thomson, Thomas Cooper
 


Indicating standard forex of $ 4.4444/ £ 1., one 'Book of Leaf Gold' cost the trade $ 0.45, after the 15% tariff.


1817: 1 Packet/20 Books Gold Leaf (Trade) = $ 9.
1817: 1 Packet/20 Books Gold Leaf (European Import) = $ 7.65

Assuming 6 English Troy Grains per Sheet/Book:

1817: 1 Ozt Gold Leaf (Trade) = $ 36.
1817: 1 Ozt Gold Leaf (European Import) = $ 30.60
 


1 Gold-Leaf = 0.192 Grains of 10.89 Sq. In; 1 Book of Leaf-Gold = 4.8 Grains (4.725 Fine Au)

1 Gold-Leaf would cover just over 3 8-Escudos; assuming 1/3rd wastage however, it would take 140-145 Leaves per coin to add 6.84 Grains in mass to a 8-Escudo Pt Counterfeit, ~ 6 Books per Pt Counterfeit: (NYC) Trade Cost = $ 2.70, without factoring any other materials or labor.

1817: 1 Ozt. Platinum (USA: Semi-Mfg, Wholesale) = USD$ 3.09 (£ 0.6835) 
1817: 1 Ozt. Gilded Platinum (USA: Est. Material Cost) = USD$ 5.79 (£ 1.28) 
    




1817 Exchange: the 8-Escudo's value given at $15.506