Germany, 1870

DSQ


1869: 1 Ozt. Platinum (Scraps, SOLD Ret.) = Thl 5.70 (ℳ 14.256) (£ 0.86; $ 4.07; USD 5.41)
1869: 1 Ozt. Platinum (Basic Mfg, Ret.) = Thl 9.85 (ℳ 24.624) (£ 1.48; $ 7.03; USD 9.35)

1869: 1 Ozt. Platinum (Wire &Foil: Semi-Mfg) = Thl 9.33 (ℳ 24.624) (£ 1.40; $ 6.66; USD 8.86) 

In a Griffin Catalogue dated 1870, Spatel was listed at Thlr 5.33/Loth, excluding manufacture. If  German measure 3.5" Spatula was probably 0.28 Ozt @ Thlr 3.50, or Thlr 2.50 for 0.175 Ozt.

1870: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (Semi-mfg, Whols./Ret.) = Thlr 10.02 (£ 1.60; $ 7.15; USD 9.52)
1870: 1 Ozt. Platinum (Semi-mfg, Whols./Ret.) = Thlr 10.02 (£ 1.60)

1870: 1 Ozt. Platinum (Wire & Sheet, Retail) = Thlr. 10.73 (ℳ 21.02 )

1870: 1 Ozt. Platinum (Intrinsic: English Mfg, Ret.) = Thlr. 11.364 (ℳ  22.26)
1870: 1 Ozt. Platinum (UK Mfg, Retail) ~ Thlr. 12.55  - 15.00 (ℳ 24.59 - 29.38)
1870: 1 Ozt. Pt Labor (Mfg, Retail) = Thlr. 1.55 (ℳ 3.036)

The 1866 Griffin Catalogue: Semi-Mfg £ 1.65 @  Spatulas @ £ 1.92 ~ Thl 10.73 : Thl 12.45

1870: 1 Ozt. Platinum (Mfg, Bulk) = ℳ  18.66 (USD$ 6.6717)

Citation: The Manufacture of Sulphuric Acid and Alkali: Sulphuric acid (Vol. 1, Pt. 3, 4th Ed.) ; Georg Lunge (1913) p.1153

 
According to WC Heraeus in Hanau, Platinum in the Seventies cost an average of ℳ  800 and the early Eighties, ℳ  1000 per kg. By the end of 1889, the price rose to ℳ  1,200.  



Uncertain date, republished: c. 1870 or 1838?



Citation: Handbuch der chemischen Technologie: Neue Folge, Vol. 12;  Georges Lunge et al. (1903) p.785
   

Where 1 kg. Russian-Coined Platinum was valued Thlr. 311.90 (ℳ  935.69),

1870: 1 Ozt. Platinum (Coined) = Thl 9.70 ($ 6.75; $6.97 Ag/Au)

Citation: Das Münzen-Buch oder die im Weltverkehr coursirenden, gängigsten Gold- ..., (1853), p.75-6 
 



 mmmmmm

UK, 1870s/80s: Jamieson's Record

Presumable ore at the intrinsic rate, Dr. Alexander Jamieson's London price record for wholesale Platinum Sponge (1870-93) may be compared to this other records, (presumably, currency adjusted for fineness to Spot-Price for import crude ingot & Ural ore.)

Citation: The Electrical Engineer, Vol. 15, No. 254, 3/15/1893 p.268

1870: 1 Troy Oz. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 0.90 (USD$ 5.03)

1870: 1 Ozt. Platinum (semi-mfg, whols.) = £ 1.60 (USD$ 8.94)

1871: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 0.925 (USD$ 5.05)

1871: 1 Ozt. Platinum (semi-mfg. & mfg.) ~ £ 1.65 (USD$ 9.0)

1872: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 0.95 (USD$ 5.18)

1873: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 0.975 (USD$ 5.33)

1873: 1 Ozt. Platinum (semi-mfg, whols.) = £ 1.60 (USD$ 8.88)

1873: 1 Ozt. Platinum (dubious Low: mfg.) = £ 1.40 (USD$ 7.77)

1873: 1 Ozt. Platinum (Bid: Scrap) = £ 0.60 (USD$ 3.33)

1874: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 1.0 (USD$ 5.42)

1874: 1 Ozt. platina (Ural price) = £ 0.95 (USD$ 5.15)

1874: 1 Ozt. Platinum (ingot) = £ 1.26 (USD$ 6.82)

1874/5: 1 Ozt. Platinum (semi-mfg., retail) = £ 1.50 (USD$ 8.13)

1875: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 1.0 (USD$ 5.59)

1876: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 1.03 (USD$ 5.57)

1877: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 1.08 (USD$ 5.47)

1878: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 1.13 (USD$ 5.50)

1879: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 1.15 (USD$ 5.58)
1880: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 1.25 (USD$ 6.05)
1881: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 1.36 (USD$ 6.58)

1882: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 1.46 (USD$ 7.09)
1883: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 1.55 (USD$ 7.52)
1884: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 1.64 (USD$ 7.94)

1885: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 1.74 (USD$ 8.44)
1886: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 1.83 (USD$ 8.87)
1887: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 1.90 (USD$ 9.22)
1888: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 2.08 (USD$ 10.11)

1889: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 2.21 (USD$ 10.77)

1890: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 2.75 - 4.20 (USD$ 13.37 - 20.41)

1891: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 2.75 - 1.94 (USD$ 13.37 - 9.45) 
1892: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 1.75 - 2. (USD$ 8.50 - 9.74)

1893: 1 Ozt. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 1.50 - 1.95 (USD$ 7.29 - 9.50)

A. Jamieson, 10 Broad Street , Golden Square, London W. was a dentist in practice before 1878, manufacturing and patenting platinum alloys. His industrial purchases of platina (ore) would likely be bulk-rate at .999 Fine (Specific Gravity = 22) in London.

March, 1880:

Principal in The Dental Manufacturing Company, c. 1882

Where a 'Young Head' Full Sovereign of Queen Victoria weighted 7.98 g (7.315 g pure Gold) we may assume 7.3 g of pure Platinum valued at £ 0.5 intrinsic at the money-changers.

1888: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (London, scrap) = £ 2.13 (USD$ 10.355)
c.1888:


1891:

1872-1897: London Silver Price


1872: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.2714
1873: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.2669
1874: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.2627
1875: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.2559
1876: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.2387
1877: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.2466
1878: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.2368
1879: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.2306
1880: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.2354
1881: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.2331
1882: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.2334
1883: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.2278
1884: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.2283
1885: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.2190
1886: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.2044
1887: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.2010
1888: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.1931
1889: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.1923
1890: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.2151
1891: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.2030
1892: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.1793
1893: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.1605
1894: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.1306
1895: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.1346
1896: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.1385
1897: 1 Troy Oz. Silver (Fine, Mint Rate.) = £ 0.1242

UK, 1870: Numismatic Value

1868/9: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (ingot, market) = £ 1.20 (USD$ 8.20)

Presumable ore at the intrinsic rate, Dr. Alexander Jamieson's London price record for wholesale Platinum Sponge (1870-93) may be compared to this other records, (presumably, currency adjusted for fineness to Spot-Price for import crude ingot & Ural ore.)

Citation: The Electrical Engineer, Vol. 15, No. 254, 3/15/1893 p.268

1870: 1 Troy Oz. Pt (London, bulk) ~ £ 0.90 (USD$ 5.03)

1870: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (semi-mfg, retail) ~ £ 2.38 (USD$ 13.88) 

1870: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (Semi-mfg, Whols./Ret.) = £ 1.60 (USD$ 8.94)

Citation: Catologue of Optical, Mathematical & Philosophical Instruments Manufactur'd & Sold by Wm Ladd, (1870) p.19

1870: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (Money changer's rate) = £ 1.43 (~USD$ 8.0)

Citation: The Coin Book ; Isaac Smith Homans, Robert Mushet (1871) p.197

USA, 1867 - 1902: Neumann's Record

Bernhard Heinrich Neumann (1867-1953) worked as a practical chemist (1877/8) and began studies in electrochemistry around 1890.

His monograph, Die Metalle, Geschichte, Vorkommen, Gewinnung Statistik, 1903 includes a table with US trade prices quoted in German Marks. The original data is from two American sources, "M. Raynor" and the Franklin Institute of Philadelphia.  Herr 'M. Raynor' is in fact H.M. Raynor of New York.

The original price-table in USD$ was published by Charles Bullman, in an article of The Mineral Industry, Vol. 1, 1892.   Bullman's (problematic) data originates in Raynor's invoice list from Johnson & Matthey, in Pound Sterling.  Implicitly, prices were in US Gold, not German Marks nor (fluctuating) US paper currency, and herein lies one part of the error.

Bullman apparently used one forex rate and added a 3% shipping cost.

Citation: The Mineral Industry, Vol. 1, 1892, p.389

For this column I am indebted to the kindness of Mr. HM Raynor, the pioneer of New York in the platinum trade, who courteously gave me the invoice prices of his imports of plate and sponge from 1867 to 1890. To these prices three per cent is added...

Citation: Die Metalle: Geschichte, Vorkommen und Gewinnung, nebst ausführlicher ... By Bernhard Neumann (1904) p.367

Geo. F. Kunz's April 1898 'Lecture to the Franklin Institute of Philadelphia' : 
(USA) Platinum Wire, 1883-1898

Citation: Journal of the Franklin Institute, Vol. 146 ; Franklin Institute (Philadelphia, Pa.: 1898) p.210.


Bullman's calculated exchange rate USD$ 4.865 per Citation: Coinage laws of the United States, 1792 to 1894, with an appendix of ... US Senate Committee on Finance (1894)


c.1890/1:
Johnson & Matthey refining cost, per Troy Oz. Pt = £ 0.0625 (USD$ 0.30)
Small firm's refining cost, per Troy Oz. Pt = £ 0.1250 (USD$ 0.61)

Citation: Economic mining: a practical handbook for the miner, the metallurgist... ; Charles George Warnford Lock (1895) p.587

Germany, 1870 -1897: Deflation in Metal Prices

1870: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (mkt?) = ℳ 15.55 ; Thlr. 7.95 (9.34 руб)
 

In the last quarter of the 19th Century, Commodity Deflation was not confined to the USA, and metal prices had declined sharply in Germany also.

Citation: Science, Vol. 15,  By American Association for the Advancement of Science (1902) p.140. 

UK, c. 1868 -1870: Various Estimations

c1868?: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (semi-mfg, sheet, whols.) = £ 1.34 (USD$ )

1870: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (semi-mfg, retail) ~ £ 2.38 (USD$ 13.88)

c.1869/70:

USA, 1870: Codman & Shurtleff's Catalogue and Ore Low?

1870: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (Trade: Semi-mfg) = $ 6. - 8. (USD$ 6.89 - 9.19)
1870: 1 Troy Oz. Gold (24k, whols.) ~ $ 24. (USD$ 27.58) 
1870: 1 Troy Oz. Silver ("pure," whols.) ~ $ 1.80 (USD$ 2.07)
  

In Codman & Shurtleff's Catalogue of dental furniture, instruments, implements, and materials, : for sale by Codman & Shurtleff, manufactures, importers, wholesale and retail dealers, 13 & 15 Tremont Street, Boston (1870):

p.59: Mechanical Dentistry - The price of gold, silver and platinum is in gold; premium to be added.
Gold plate 22 carats fine .... per dwt. $1.10 ($ 22./oz troy; USD$ 25.28)
Pure Silver .... per oz. 1.80
Platinum Plate/Wire ... 6.
{Platinum} Fine Wire; Foil for chemical purposes .... 8.
Zinc ... per lb.   .15

1870: 1  Troy Oz. Platinum (Imported) =  $ 4.67 (USD$ 5.36)

1870: 1 Troy Oz. platina (London, bulk) ~ £ 0.90 (USD$ 5.03)

1870: 1  Troy Ounce platina (Paris, bulk) ~  Fr  ;


1871 :1 Troy Oz. Platinum (refined, imported) = $ 5.50 - 15. ($ 6.32 - 17.24)

Citation: Census bulletin: no. 210 special, Volume 1, By US Census Office (1902) p.10

US Imports:



Counterfeit Double Eagle, unknown date (prior to 1872):

Where the weight of the Half-Eagle should be 8.359 g., a Gold-plated Platinum Counterfeit 

"1869-S" Counterfeit Half-Eagle, San Francisco, CA; 1944.71.1
Weight: 8.441 g. (8.445 g.)
Diameter:  21.5 mm

Counterfeit Double Eagles, $20.