May 22, 2013

Germany, 1888

Where 1 Kilogram Russian Ore ~74.8% cost ℳ 390. at the source, Fine Pt cost ~ℳ 521.39

1888: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (Ural Spot, ~74.8%) = 12.130
1888: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (Ural Ore, .999) = 16.217 
 
Citation: Revue mensuelle suisse d'odontologie, Vol. 15/15 (1905) p.83

1888: 1 Kilogram Ore ~74.8% = ℳ 603.6
1888: 1 Kg. Pt .999 =ℳ 807


1888: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (German Mkt?: Ural, .999?) = 24.88



1888: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (Semi-Mfg; Whols/Ret) ~ ℳ 33.49
1888: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (semi-mfg; whols/ret) = 32.845 (USD$ 7.86)

Citation: Die Metalle: Geschichte, Vorkommen und Gewinnung, nebst ausführlicher ...Bernhard Neumann p.363

 

 
"Private Communication from the platinum melting of G. Siebert, Hanau" indicates actual Bavarian producer prices at Kilogram rates. Siebert had negotiated bulk platina purchases from Russia, by contract, at presumably low trade rates. 

Citation:  A History of Platinum and its Allied Metals; Donald McDonald, ‎Leslie B. Hunt(1982) p.328

The Siebert Platinum Refinery
Another establishment that s tarted as a service to the Hanau jewellery industry began to undertake platinum refining in 1881. This development was initiated by Wilhelm Siebert (1862-1927), the son of a cigar-box manufacturer, Georg Siebert (1835-1909) who had begun to treat the local goldsmith’s scrap in 1864. Wilhelm had become familiar with the methods of assaying during a period spent with a company in Pforzheim, Dr. Richter and Co., and on his return home he began to experiment in the processing of platinum, first from the goldsmiths’ residues and then from a share of the Russian coinage and other material that had been acquired by Johnson Matthey.


The new refinery was successful, and prospered further after 1884 when Wilhelm Siebert visited Russia a n d secured the promise of deliveries of platinum concentrates from the Urals on a long term basis. He recorded later that :
“We set about the refining of native platinum and the production of platinum in the highest possible purity and in maximum quantity. This gave us a great deal of work and anxiety with many set backs to be overcome” (26).
 

In 1889 Wilhelm’s younger brother Jean Siebert (1870-1925) joined the business and succeeded in expanding the market for platinum products, including of course lead-in wires for electric lamps, contacts for the telegraph and telephone industry and ignition tubes both at home and abroad. The fabrication of sulphuric acid boilers was also undertaken and a paper describing an improved design of a cascade apparatus was published in 1893 (27).



c. 1888: Misunderstood Russian valuation of Platinum 
The Russian ruble coins were probably in 1858, and even before, once made from platinum, today this is no longer the case, however. In the former Russian 3-, 6- and 12 rubles per kilogram pieces of platinum was applied to 96.59 rubles or too little about 34.75% of the values ​​of an equal weight of fine gold, According to Schneider v contained a Russian Platinmunze. 93.84 platinum, palladium 00:42, rhodium containing iridium 4.21, 1.26 iron, copper 0.45%.








Germany, 1893


1892?: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (Ore, Intrinsic, Mkt?) = 37.324 (USD$ )

"Prices of platinum weights in sets and individually is calculated at the base price of 1.20 per gram in platina ore, while rising price of platinum the excess amount is attributable." 

Grove's Battery 15.5 cm = ℳ 25.
Grove's Battery 11 cm = ℳ 15.


Citation: Preis-verzeichnis uber physikalische apparate, instrumente und geratschaften; C. Gerhardt (1893)

1893: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (semi-mfg; whols/ret) = 39.657 (USD$ 9.46)

Citation: Die Metalle: Geschichte, Vorkommen und Gewinnung, nebst ausführlicher ...Bernhard Neumann p.363

Germany, 1894


1890/1?: 1 Ozt. Platinum (Trade: Semi-Mfg.) = 62.21 ()

1894?: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (Trade: Semi-Mfg.) = 40.43 ()
1894?: 1 Ozt. Platinum (Trade: Semi-Mfg.) = 46.66 ()

"For thin wires and sheets, the average is 1.30 to 1.50 per gramme; only rarely does the price rise above 2."

Citation: Handbuch der praktischen werkstatt-mechanik metall- und holzdreherei ... (1896) Max Hofmann, p.4



1894: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (Whols./Ret.: Semi-Mfg) = 40.435 (USD$ 9.67)

Citation: Die Metalle: Geschichte, Vorkommen und Gewinnung, nebst ausführlicher ...Bernhard Neumann p.363


Regarding Platinum in manufactures such as telegraph keys, the Simple- and Double Key for $2.39 and $4.78, respectively.  In 1866, Tillotson's ('Single' ?) cost $6.

Citation: Complete catalogue of electrical measuring and test instruments manufactured ...Hartmann und Braun, Bockenheim-Frankfurt a/M. (1894)


E. de Haën, reagents: prices in Reichsmarks

1) Pt(CN)2
2) (NH4)2Pt(CN)4
3) K2Pt(CN)4
4) IrCl3 
5)
6) PdCl2 
7) PtI2
8) Rh
9) Ru
10) RuCl3
 
1894: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum-Cynaide  = 52.876 (USD$ )
1894: 1 Troy Oz. Ammonium Platinocyanide  = 62.207 (USD$ )
1894: 1 Troy Oz. Potassium Platinocyanide = 62.207 (USD$ ) 
1894: 1 Troy Oz. Iridium Chloride Hydrate = 62.207 (USD$ )
1894: 1 Troy Oz. Palladium Black Catalyst = 93.21 (USD$ )
1894: 1 Troy Oz. Palladium Chloride = 68.427 (USD$ )
1894: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum Iodide = 46.66 (USD$ )
1894: 1 Troy Oz. Rhodium = 1,866.21 (USD$ )
1894: 1 Troy Oz. Ruthenium = 202.17 (USD$ )
1894: 1 Troy Oz. Ruthenium chloride = ℳ 124.41 (USD$ )
 
Citation: "College of Chemistry"Report of the Secretary to the Regents; University of California p.167




USA, 1910-1920: PMGs

See George F. Kunz' "Platinum" for detailed review of New York Monthly Prices, 1910 - 1921

Citation: The Mineral Industry, Vol. 29 p.547






May 8, 2013

Russia, 1898



1898: 1 Troy Ounce platina (Ural Spot: 83% Small Lot) =18.61 руб (USD$ 8.58)
1898: 1 Troy Oz. Pt (Ural Spot @ .999) = 22.42 руб ($ 10.34)
1898: Russian Refiner's Cost @204 руб/Poud = 0.3874 руб ($ 1.95)
1898: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (SPb: Refined Poud) = 22.807 руб ($ 11.45)
  
1898: 1 Troy Oz. platina (Ural Contract: 83% Bulk) =13.29 руб ($ 6.68)
1898: 1 Troy Oz. Pt (Contract @ .999) =16.01 руб ($ 8.04)
1898: Russian Refiner's Cost @204 руб/Poud = 0.3874 руб ($ 1.95)

1898: 1 Troy Oz. Pt (SPb: Refined Poud) =16.401 руб ($ 8.24)

1898: 1 Troy Oz. platina (Ural Spot) = 17.09 - 18.99 руб ($ 8.58 -9.54)
1898: 1 Troy Oz. Pt (Ural Spot @ .999) = 20.59 - 22.88 руб ($ 10.34 -11.49)
1898: Russian Refiner's Cost @204 руб/Poud = 0.3874 руб ($ 1.95)
1898: 1 Troy Oz. Pt (SPb: Refined Poud) = 20.98 - 23.265 руб ($ 10.54 -11.65)



Citation: The Mineral Industry, Vol. 7 (1899) p.570


Weight given in Pounds Avd., the conversion follows:

Ru, 1898: 1 Kilogram Intrinsic Pt = USD$ 265.-345.
Ru, 1898: 1 Ozt. Intrinsic Pt = USD$ 8.25-10.72

Ru, 1898: 1 Kg Pt + Labor + Transport = USD$ 265.-345.
Ru, 1898: 1 Ozt. Pt + Labor (USD$ .30) + Transport (USD$ ) = USD$

UK, 1898: 1 Kilogram Refined Platinum = USD$ 498.24-507.
UK, 1898: 1 Ozt Refined Platinum = USD$ 15.50-15.77
UK, 1898: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (Mkt) = £ 3.0 (USD$ 14.56) 
 
USA, 1898: 1 Kilogram Refined Platinum = USD$ 507.-551.16
USA, 1898: 1 Ozt Refined Platinum = USD$ 15.77-17.14 
USA, 1898: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (Mfg, Bulk) = USD$ 17.



1898: 1 Troy Oz. platina (Ural Contract: 82% Bulk) =12.91 руб (USD$ 6.485)
1898: 1 Troy Oz. platina (Ural Contract: .999 Fine Pt) =15.75 руб (USD$ 7.91)

Citation: Mining and Engineering World, Vol. 26 (1907) p.725
Citation: Archives des sciences physiques et naturelles, Vol. 15 1903

Where the Фунт is ~13.17 Troy Ounces, large lots sold for руб 7,753/Poud; small lots руб 10,097/Poud

1898: 1 Troy Oz. platina (Ural Spot, Bulk) ~15.09 руб  (USD$ 7.58)
1898: 1 Troy Oz. platina (Ural Spot, Small Lot) ~ 19.65 руб (USD$ 9.87)

1898: 1 Troy Oz. Pt (Russian Refiner's Cost) ~ 0.3798 руб ($ 1.91)

(Fr. 1.02, £ 0.04, USD$ 0.1963)
 
Citation: Western Electrician, Vol. 23 (10/8/1898) p.201

  

Where the Winter miner was paid 1.00 руб/Zolotnik, the Poud cost 3,840 руб; the Summer miner was paid 0.80 руб/Zolotnik, the Poud cost 3,072 руб

Winter 1897/8: 1 Troy Oz. platina (Ural Labor: 83% ore) =  7.29 руб ($ 3.66)
Winter 1897/8: 1 Troy Oz. Pt (Ural Labor: .999) =  8.785 руб ($ 4.41 )

Summer 1898: 1 Troy Oz. platina (Ural Labor: 83% ore) =  5.83 руб ($ 2.93)
Summer 1898: 1 Troy Oz. Pt (Ural Labor: .999) =  7.028 руб ($ 3.53 )

Citation: L'Oural;  Maurice Verstraete (1899) p.200




Winter 1897/8: 1 Troy Oz. platina (Ural Black Mkt: 83%) = 14.583 руб ($ 7.30)
Winter 1897/8: 1 Troy Oz. Pt (Ural Black Mkt: .999) =  17.57 руб ($ 8.83)

1898: 1 Troy Oz. platina (Ural Black Mkt: 83% ore) =  17.57 руб ($ 8.83)
1898: 1 Troy Oz. Pt (Ural Black Mkt: .999) =  23.355 руб

Citation: L'Oural;  Maurice Verstraete (1899) p.200


CHECK!

Late June 1898: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (NYC: Mfg, Retail) = 34.49 руб Kr. (USD$ 17.73)

c.1898: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (Global Mkt) = 33.72 руб Kr. (USD$ 17.33)

Where the Poud was руб 7,300 (Au?):
c.1897??: 1 Ozt platina (Ural contract, Ore) = 13.86 руб Kr. (USD$ 7.125)
c.1897??: 1 Ozt Pt (Ural: .999 Ore) = 18.52 руб Kr. (USD$ 9.525)
c.1897??: --Refining Cost: 1 Ozt Pt (Ural: .999) = 1.21 руб Kr. (USD$ 0.6217)
c.1897??: 1 Ozt Platinum (Ural: .999 Refined) = 19.74 руб Kr. (USD$ 10.15)

Die Kosten für die zu errichtende Platinraffinerie würden sich leicht aus dem Preise für Platin decken, indem Rub. 1000 von jedem verkauften Pud Platin dazu bestimmt werden, was im ersten Jahre Rub. 200,000-260,000 ausmachen würde. Im Auslande zahlt man pro 1 Pud raffiniertes Platin Rub. 17,760, während das Rohplatin Rub. 7,300 kostet. Das Raffiniren eines Pudes kostet Rub. 425; rechnet man noch dazu die Ausgaben für Verbesserung an den technischen Einrichtungen und Verwaltung 50 Proc. der obigen Summe, so würden zu der Zeit, wo der Preis auf Rohplatin Rub. 7300 pro Pud betrug, für den Ankauf von Rohplatin 17,760 - (425 + 212), mithin Rub. 17,123 verfügbar bleiben und die Productionskosten für 1 Jahr bei einer Verarbeitung von 200-250 Pud jährlich Rub. 127,000 — 159,000 betragen.

 In 1877, the price rose to Rub. 2400, because the offer was low, and the buyer feared competition. This is still very low price made it possible to only exploit the platinum richest localities on the Issa, and consequently this was also a year to a very limited yield, 1867-1869 6-7 Poud, 1870-1877.  The cost of the platinum refinery to be built would easily be covered by profit on the price of Platinum,  determined at Rub. 1,000. per Poud, which in the first year would amount to Rub. 200,000. to 260,000.  Abroad, you pay Rub. 17,760. per Poud refined platinum, while the crude platina costs Rub. 7,300.   The refining of a Poud costs Rub. 425; we still expect expenditure on improvement of technical devices and management to be 50% of the above sum, so when the price of crude platinum was Rub. 7,300 per Poud, for the purchase of crude platinum 17,760 - (425 + 212), thus Rub. 17,123 remain available and the annual cost of production for processing 200-250 poods annually would be Rub. 127,000-159,000.


Citation : Handelsblatt der Chemiker-Zeitung Vol 22, No. 58 (1898) Walther Adolf Roth p.588





Russia, 1918: Platinum Production, 19th C.


In 1918, if Gold was caculated at 4.5 Roubles per zolotnik

1918: 1 Troy Ounce Gold = 11.93 руб

Important summary of Russian Platinum production, 1824 -1917

Citation: The Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol. 10 ; American Chemical Society p.921






Also:




May 7, 2013

Santo Domingo, 1809

Discovered c.1796 and reported in 1810 (lowering French prices?), the Santo Domingo platina was very poor, 46% Pt.

c.1810 : 1 Troy Ounce platina = $S 0.20



If "a few Maravedis" = M 10 (S$ 0.01984) per castellano:

c.1810 : 1 Troy Ounce "platina" (Yaqui ore, 40% unwashed sand) = S$ 0.134
c.1810 : 1 Troy Oz. platina (Yaqui platina, 46% Pt) = S$ 0.2237
c.1810 : 1 Troy Oz. Pt (Yaqui platina, intrinsic) = S$ 0.486

If "a few Maravedis" = M 15 (S$ 0.03) per Onza:

c.1810 : 1 Troy Ounce "platina" (Yaqui ore, 40% unwashed sand) = S$ 0.03
c.1810 : 1 Troy Oz. platina (Yaqui platina, 46% Pt) = S$ 0.054
c.1810 : 1 Troy Oz. Pt (Yaqui platina, intrinsic) = S$ 0.116