May 26, 2011

Germany, 1819

There was a fire at 181/2 Strand on January 20, 1820; purchases from Cary with this address are prior to this date.


c.1819: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (mfg)  = £ 1.0 (USD$ 4.51)

Citation: Handbuch der analytischen chemie, Volume 1; Christoph Heinrich Pfaff (1821) p.271




It must be possible when in possession of several platinum crucible. I own 4 of their different sizes, an elderly French, a new Ditto. and two English. To obtain the latter, one has to address William Cary, London, no. 182 Strand at Norfolk Street. The larger the same weighs 3 ounces, 5.5 ounce, has a height of 2 "above par a width of 2" is 3 "' and below only 10" and cost 18 shillings sterling and -3 (an ounce of platinum processed Cary English to 20th in shillings), the smaller 2 ounce weighs 2 ounces, has a height of 4 '2 ", the same size top and bottom of 8"', and costs 2 pounds and 10 shillings. These English crucibles have against themselves that they worked too thin and the bottom too tight, so even such a platinum crucible me earlier fine through a hole, which he got in the ground, became useless. I therefore prefer the French, which are thicker by walls, and have a better Berhältnisch of dimensions. My major FRENCH platinum crucible 0.5 ounce weighs 4 ounces, has a height of 2 inches 2 lines above a width of 2 inches 2 lines, and down from 11 '". You can to get them to Cuoq Couturier et Compagnie, rue Richelieu No. 107 , contact and the prices seem a bit cheaper. The value of this processed platinum comes from the value 4.5mal 14 löthigem so much like silver. Any cracks in such platinum crucibles, or even on the silver crucibles, one recognizes the dull tone to it, on a finger will float to give me when you hit a key or the like. Such cracks can auegefüllt with gold who "the one you should not such a pot of glowing so much, because alödann itself attracts the gold into the platinum, and the crack opens again. The cover for the English. Platinum crucibles are bent, and therefore do little more closely than the French, by engaging only three pins. 

May 25, 2011

Germany, 1842: Estimation of Russian Output

Apparently, Russian Weights/Prices translated into German:

Where 1 Prussian Unze of 2 Loths is (2 x 14.6159784485459 Grams) 29.232 Grams = 0.939829251 Ozt, and assuming the Prussian Commercial Pfund, 1 Kilogram platina cost Thlr 106.90.  At this Prussian-Weight, 1 Poud Russian platina cost руб Ag 1,598 
and 1 Poud Platinum cost руб Ag 4,090.60.

If the Russian Weight of 1 Funt (409.512 Grams) was intended, then 1 Poud Russian platina cost 2,000 Thlrs or руб Ag 1,825.


c. 1840:  1 Troy Ounce platina (US Low: USA importer's bulk) ~ руб Ag 3.471

c.1841/2:
 

1841: 1 Troy Ounce platina (ore) = Preuss Thlr 3.325 (USD$ 2.33) OR
1841: 1 Troy Oz. platina (ore) = Preuss Thlr 3.7976 (USD$ 2.66)
1841: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (refined) = Rthlr 8.51 (USD$ 6.) 

1841: 1 Troy Oz. platina (SPb: Russian ore) =  руб Ag 3.034
1841: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (SPb: refined) = руб Ag 7.767368  


Citation: Lehrbuch der chemie, Vol. 2; Eilhard Mitscherlich (1847) p.675-6



This estimation of Russian ore appears to be intrinsic :


c.1842: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (intrinsic?) = Thl 8.87 (USD$ 6.12)

Citation: Das Kaiserreich Russland: statistisch-geschichtliche Darstellung seiner ...; (Freiherr von) Friedrich Wilhelm Reden, (1843) p.561




1842:




c.1842:


May 18, 2011

Canada, c.1851: Osmium

The costs of refined PGMs were astronomically high fairky consistently throughout most of the 19th C.

In 1853, Osmiridium/Iridosmine was about 1/3rd the price of Gold. The mark-up on refined Osmium was about 24x per ounce, but only about 6.5x the intrinsic rate of 25% Osmium ore.

The US wholesale Osmium and Osmiridium prices were double the UK prices, but 30x the domestic (North American) ore price.

1853: 1 Troy Ounce Osmirdium (ore, whols.) = £ 0.90 (USD$ 4.40)

1854: 1 Troy Ounce Osmium (refined, pure, whols.) = £ 24. (USD$ 117.10)

c.1851: 1 Troy Oz. Osmiridium (Canadian ore) ~ £ (USD$ )
c.1851: 1 Troy Oz. Osmiridium (Canadian ore, intrinsic) ~ £ 8.5 (USD$ 41.55)
c.1851: 1 Troy Oz. Gold (Canadian ore) = £ 3.55 (USD$ 17.40)
1852: 1 Troy Ounce Osmium (pure, whols. @ NYC) = USD$ 240.

1853: 1 Troy Ounce Osmiridium (ore, whols.) = USD$ 8.
1853: 1 Troy Ounce Osmium (pure, whols. @ NYC) = USD$ 240.

Citation: Report of Progress; Geological Survey of Canada (1852) p.47

UK/Australia, 1933: Osmium

Citation: Official year book of the Commonwealth of Australia; Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics, Australian Bureau of Statistics (1935) p.637

UK/Australia, 1940: Osmium

Citation: Official Year Book of the Commonwealth of Australia No. 33 - 1940 By Australia. Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics p.992

UK, 1950

South African Osmirium/Iridosmine:

UK, 1812: Iridium & Osmium

1812: 1 Troy Ounce Platinum (Wire: Cary retail) = £ 0.8751
1812: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (Mfg: Cary retail) = £ 1.00

1812: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (Wire: Accum retail) = £ 1.05
1812: 1 Troy Oz Platinum (Mfg: Accum retail) = £ 1.20

Although the spot-price platina in New Grenada was falling dramatically, the British retail price was stable.

Iridium ore was  still not well analyzed by 1826, but British samples from 1806 (of unknown provenance) date to the period of Accum's catalogue.  Iridium ore was 3x more expensive than platina. 

Refined and manufactured Platinum was 3x more expensive than platina at the intrinsic rate; labor & profit being a full 2/3rds the price.  

Citation:   Descriptive Catalogue of the Apparatus and Instruments. . . Manufactured and Sold by Accum and Garden (1812) p.53





Muriate:


Platinum forecepts were recommended as mineralogist tools at least as early as 1814.  
c.1812:






Assuming the same effort and margins only suggests the very lowest possible producer prices, where the far less rare and non-toxic Palladium was in fact retailing for ~ £ 24 ./oz.

1812: 1 Troy Oz. Iridosmine/Osmiridium (ore)  = £ 0.75 (USD$ 2.72)
1812: 1 Troy Oz. Iridium (intrinsic)  ~ £ 1.0 (USD$ 3.62)
1812: 1 Troy Oz. Osmium (intrinsic)  ~ £ 3.0 (USD$ 10.86)
1812: 1 Troy Oz. Iridium (refined)  ~ £ 3. (USD$ 10.86)
1812: 1 Troy Oz. Osmium (refined)  ~ £ 9. (USD$ 32.58) 

1812: 1 Troy Oz. platina (ore)  = £ 0.25 (USD$ 0.91)
1812: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (intrinsic value, @ 75%)  ~ £ 0.33 (USD$ 1.21)
1812: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (refined)  = £ 1. (USD$ )


1812: 1 Troy Oz. Palladium (Trade, Accum) = £ 4.85 (USD$ )
1812: 1 Troy Oz. Palladium (Trade, .999) = £ 5.4281 (USD$ )  
1812: 1 Troy Oz. Palladium (Est. Retail, Accum) ~ £ 5.82 (USD$ )
1812: 1 Troy Oz. Palladium (Est. Retail, Accum) ~ £ 6.5174 (USD$ ) 
 

The 1835 Davy Catalogue illustrates how much higher demand and/or costs were, in fact.  Iridosmine (ore) was twice as expensive as refined Platinum, and refined Iridium was 11.25x more expensive than the ore.  Iridium was 22.5x more expensive than Platinum; Osmium was 30x more expensive than Pt.

 
1835: 1 Troy Oz. Iridium (refined)  = £ 36. (USD$ 174.60)
1835: 1 Troy Oz. Osmium (refined)  = £ 48. (USD$ 232.80)
1835: 1 Troy Oz. Iridosmine (Native Iridium)  = £ 3.20 (USD$ 15.52)
1835: 1 Troy Oz. Platinum (refined,retail)  = £ 1.60 (USD$ 7.76)
1835: 1 Troy Oz. platina (ore)  = £ 0.90 (USD$ 4.37)


Citation:  The Annals of philosophy, Vol. 27 Ed. Thomas Thomson, Richard Phillips, Edward William Brayley (1826) p.17
 

 

Citation: Annales des mines: ou recueil de memoires sur l'exploitation..., Vol. 12 1826 p.326
 

French books were 70% - 100% more expensive in London.

The London price for 3 vol. set of a French title, £ 1.60 (Fr. 30.61 )


The Paris price for same 3 vol. presumably Fr 18. - 21. (£ 0.94 - 1.10)


The London price for 2 vol. set of a French title, £ 1.05 (Fr. 20.09)


The Paris price for same 2 vol. presumably Fr 10. - 13. (£ 0.52 - 0.68)